Different types of wastewaters Essay Example for Free

Different types of waste peeings searchDomestic waste weeweeDomestic effluents be generated from activities such as bathing, laundry, cleaning, cooking, washing, and other kitchen activities. This contains a large essence of organic waste with suspended solids and coliforms. Calculations made based on available data show that one-half the organic waste is from the domestic sector (PEM, 2003). As stated in the EMB report, domestic wastewater discharges pay highest to the BOD load as the lack of sewage discussion system allows more than 90 per centum of incapablely treated domestic sewage to be discharged into surface waters, which contain bacteria and viruses that braten human life. Geographically, data show that one-third (30 share) of BOD generation comes from Metro manilla paper and portion IV alone, at 18 and 15 percent, respectively (PEM, 2003).Industrial wastewaterReports show that the volume and characteristics of industrial effluents motley by type of indust ry and are influenced by different factors such as production processes and the surpass of production used. Industries that are found to be water-intensive, i.e. food and dairy manufacturing, pulp, paper and paperboard products, and textile products, correspondingly discharge large amounts of wastewater (PEM, 2003). Most of the water contamination-intensive industries are in National Capital Region, Calabarzon, and Region III. Food manufacturing industries, piggeries, and slaughterhouses are the main sources of organic befoulment (PEM, 2004). A report from a write up conducted by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) in 1999 emphasizes that the situation is even more critical with examine to hazardous wastes. In the said report, approximately 2,000 cubic meters of solvent wastes, 22,000 tons of heavy metals, infectious wastes, biologic sludge, lubricants, and intractable wastes, as well as 25 million cubic meters of acid/alkaline quiet wastes are impr operly disposed of annually in the Metro Manila area alone.A study by the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) conducted in 2001 (as cited in National Economic Development consents document on the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan 2004-2010) states that around 700 industrial establishments in thePhilippines generate astir(predicate) 273,000 tons of hazardous wastes per annum. It was further estimated that with 5,000 potential hazardous waste generators, about 2.41 million tons of hazardous wastes will be generated. At present, the report added, there is no merged treatment facility for hazardous wastes in the country although there are about 95 elfin to mediumscale treatment facilities that treat hazardous wastes (i.e., used oil, sludge).There is approximately 50,000 tons of hazardous wastes stored on or offsite due to lack of proper treatment, recovery and recycling facilities. Sometimes they end up existence recycled in backyard operations further putting at ri sk workers and communities hosting these informal recycling facilities. Other hazardous wastes are exported to other countries for recovery and disposal (i.e. metal bearing sludge, used solvents and electronic wastes) and treatment (e.g. PCB).wellness and environmental problemsMuch of the surface water in urban areas is a public health risk maculation rural surface waters are also sources of disease. The World curse estimates that exposure to water pollution and poor sanitation account for one-sixth of reported disease cases, and nearly 6,000 premature deaths per year. The cost of treatment and lost income from illness and death due to water pollution is pegged at PHP6.7 one million million (US$134 million) per year (PEM 2006). contaminant of our water resources such as untreated wastewater discharges affect human health through and through the break of disease-causing bacteria and viruses. Some known examples of diseases that may be spread through wastewater discharge are gas tro-enteritis, diarrhea, typhoid, cholera, dysentery, hepatitis, and, recently, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) (PEM 2003). The state of water in the Philippines (Bacongui, Beau, 2007, October). Retrieved January 9, 2013, from http//www.greenpeace.org/seasia/ph/Global/seasia/report/2007/10/the-state-of-water-in-the-phil.pdfHazardous and toxic waste managementRepublic passage 6969, implemented by DAO 29 series of 1992, regulates the range of activities associated with hazardous and toxic materials (use, transportation, storage, export, distribution, manufacture, and processing). Users or handlers of chemicals must first check with DENR whether thesubstances are included in the Philippine Inventory of Chemicals and Chemical Substances (PICCS). A Chemical Control Order (CCO) prohibiting, limiting, or subjecting use to certain controls or conditions may be issuanced for chemicals that pose an unreasonable risk to public health or the environment.environmental Impact Managem ent SystemAn on-going innovation under the EIS system is the introduction of programmatic compliance. Under this program, industries sited in state industrial development areas may be issued a single Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC). This glide slope has the advantage of reducing the cost of document preparation and review. Furthermore, it justifies the coming(prenominal) application of carrying capacity assessments to determine the frame and types of industries that should be allowed to locate in a given area. Philippines Country Profile. In Green Productivity Practices In Select Industry Sectors. (Abanto, Arnel. 2001) Retrieved January 9, 2013, from http//www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/e_publi/gpp/0302PHILIPPINESrev.pdfWater pollution creeping in senatorMANILA, Philippines The Philippines faces a creeping water pollution problem because of rapid urbanization and industrialization, a senator warned over the weekend. Senator Pilar Juliana Pia S. Cayetano, chairperson of the Se nate Health and Demography Committee, said she is worried that political relation has weakly-implemented programs to improve the quality of fresh water supply. Cayetano pointed out that inadequate resources, institutional fragmentation and poor statistics as the major stumbling blocks in achieving the goal of securing a sufficient future supply of clean fresh water. She said addressing this concern is in line with the Millennium Development end 7 for environment sustainability which is to reduce by one half, by 2015, the proportion of nation without sustainable approach shot to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Sen. Juan Miguel Zubiri, Senate Committee on Environment and Natural Resources chairman, said the issue emphasizes the importance of reforesting the countrys denuded mountains.Forests, Zubiri said, act as watersheds, storing and releasing fresh water through natural processes. In past Senate Committee hearings, testimonies on the countrys forest reserve beingdenud ed at a fast clip the past few decades had been presented. Citing the Philippine Environment proctor report of the World Bank in 2003, domestic wastewater represents 48 percent of the total pollution in the entire country the rest is due to industrial and agricultural sources. In Metro Manila alone, the share of domestic sewage is 58 percent of the total. Because of insufficient sewage treatment and disposal, more than 90 percent of the sewage generated in the Philippines is not disposed or treated in an environmentally unobjectionable manner, Cayetano said.The same report estimates that water pollution costs the Philippine economy an estimated P67 billion ($.3 billion) annually of which P3 billion is attributed to health, P17 billion to fisheries production and P47 billion to tourism. Cayetano pointed out that Department of Health (DoH) statistics show that approximately 18 people die each day from water-borne diseases, which accounted for 31 percent of all reported illnesses from 1996-2000. She said the Congressional precaution Committee was created following the enactment of the bonnie Water Act in 2004 and found out weaknesses in the enforcement of environmentally-related laws.There are too many hands dipping in the broth, so to speak. Around 30 government agencies are involved in the management of our water resources. The gaps, overlaps and conflicts of responsibilities are apparent during the conduct of our (committee) hearings, making the institutional framework highly fragmented, weak and complicated, she said. Water pollution creeping in senator (Casayuran, Mario. 2011, April) Retrieved January 9, 2013 from http//www.mb.com.ph/articles/312556/water-pollution-creeping-senator.UO1KP-TwaSoWater pollution a threatGovt not enforcing environment laws SWS muckleMANILA, Philippines . Five of each 10 Filipinos believe water pollution is a serious threat to their health and environment, but the government is unable to enforce environmental laws. Results of a survey of the Social Weather Stations released Friday also showed that at least three of every six residents of Metro Manila did not agree that pollution was an acceptable trade-off for economic progress. The SWS survey, a first on water pollution and enforcement of environmental laws, was commissioned bythe environmental group Greenpeace as part of its Project Clean Water program launched in September.The initiative aims to mobilize action in protecting the countrys vast fresh water sources. A recent World Bank study warned of a possible water scarcity problem in the country by 2025. The survey from Nov. 30 to Dec. 3 covered 1,200 randomly chosen adult respondents divided into samples of 300 each in Metro Manila, Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. We wanted to see how Filipinos perceive the problem because it is very hard to push for the implementation of environmental laws if the public accepts water pollution as an unavoidable consequence of economic development, said Beau Bacongu is, Greenpeace southeast Asia campaigner in a press conference Friday.Half of the respondents said water pollution in the country was a very serious problem and posed great danger to their health and environment 22 percent found it somewhat serious nine percent, a little serious and 19 percent, hardly serious. While growing concern for water pollution was noted among residents in urban areas, with 58 percent finding it unacceptable that economic progress should mean environmental destruction, some 48 percent said they were not aware of any laws enacted to help prevent pollution.Among the environmental policies cited in the survey were the Clean Water Act and the Solid Waste Management Act. Out of the 1,200 respondents, 26 percent said they were long-familiar with the Clean Water Act 27 percent were aware of the Solid Waste Management Act while 50 percent admitted not knowing about the laws. Water pollution a threat (Uy, Jocelyn, 2008, January) Retrieved January 9, 2013 from http// newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/metro/view/20080126-114918/Water-pollution-a-threatDirty Water Estimated Deaths from Water-Related Diseases 2000-2020 (Gleick, Peter, 2002, August) Retrieved from http//www.pacinst.org/reports/water_related_deaths/water_related_deaths_report.pdf